Dear all,
I finally identified the cause of this issue.
I thought the purpose of the Cloud Integration Agent was to avoid the need to open the firewall so that the SAP HANA instance could "see" the host of the datastore? It turns out that I can only access the SQL Server 2008 R2 datastore if port 1433 is open to the SAP HANA instance.
This does not appear to be documented anywhere.
Regards,
Trevor